INTRODUCTION For years, connecting field devices to process control systems (PCS), safety instrumented system (SIS) and fire and gas system (FGS) has used the same technology. Typically, the traditional method is to use pair cables and multipair cable to send a signal from field to control room. Sure, there have […]
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Harnessing an Unconventional Power Source from an Unexpected Region- An Environmental Solution
Power plants commonly utilize conventional fuel sources from natural gas (from production wells), coal or biofuel products to produce electricity. Who would have thought that a fuel source could also be found from a deepwater lake in Africa? This spectacular phenomenon is found at Lake Kivu, Rwanda. The lake encompasses […]
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Energy Audit- Definition, Method and Action Plans
Problem Statement There are many plants and facilities in Malaysia have been in operation for a long period of time. For instance, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station in Selangor was opened in March 1987, and it is still actively in operation. If operators do not perform regular check ups […]
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Solar Wind Turbine Hybrid System with Battery-Supercapacitor as storage system
PROBLEM STATEMENT About 80% of the global energy supply depends on fossil fuels including coal, oil and gas. Consider that if fossil fuel demands increases, side effects toward the globe are bound to escalate. Hence, to acquire solution to this problem, alternative energy sources are needed to be urgently developed […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Batam
The Batam system is located on the island of Batam in Riau Islands province. There is also a 150kV interconnector from GI Tanjung Kasam to the islands of Ngenang and Bintan (note that the interconnector is not shown in the network map below). At a Glance Operational systems: Batam, Ngenang […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Sulawesi Bagian Utara
The Sulawesi Bagian Utara (or SULUTGO) system comprises the provinces of Sulawesi Utara and Gorontalo. At a Glance Operational systems: Sulawesi Utara and Gorontalo Operating voltages: 150kV, 20kV, 0.4kV Energy sales (2017): 1,550 GWh Peak load (2017): 384 MW (on 08 February 2017) Installed capacity (2017): 412 MW Firm capacity […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Kalimantan Barat
The Kalimantan Barat or Khatulistiwa system is the only major interconnected system in the western part of Kalimantan. As of 2016, it has a 230MW cross-border interconnection to the Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation (SESCO) system in Serawak, Malaysia. At a Glance Operational systems: Kalimantan Barat (Khatulistiwa) Operating voltages: 275kV, 150kV, […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Kalimantan Selatan, Tengah & Timur
The Kalimantan Selatan, Tengah and Timur network currently comprises two separate systems that are expected to be interconnected by the end of 2017. The Barito system is located in the southeast part of Kalimantan (in Kalimantan Selatan and Kalimantan Tengah provinces) while the Mahakam system occupies east Kalimantan (in Kalimantan […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Sulawesi Bagian Selatan
The Sulawesi Bagian Selatan (SULBAGSEL) system is an interconnected network spread across three provinces – Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Barat and Sulawesi Tengah. At a Glance Operational systems: Sulawesi Selatan & Barat (SULSELBAR) Palu / Sulawesi Tengah (SULTENG) Operating voltages: 275kV, 150kV, 70kV, 20kV, 0.4kV Energy sales (2017): 8,542 GWh Peak […]
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Indonesia’s Electricity Systems – Sumatera Interconnected System
The Sumatera interconnected system is the second largest electricity network in Indonesia, second only to the Jawa-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) grid, and covers the entire Sumatera mainland. At a Glance Operational systems: Sumatera Bagian Utara (SUMBAGUT) Sumatera Bagian Selatan & Tengah (SUMBAGSELTENG) Operating voltages: 275kV, 150kV, 70kV, 20kV, 0.4kV Number of customers: […]
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